RUBY Ruby source
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File Information
Ruby source
Code
.rb
text/x-ruby
Ruby Programming Language
What is a Ruby file?
A Ruby (.rb) file is a source code file written in the Ruby programming language, a dynamic, object-oriented scripting language known for its simplicity and productivity. Ruby emphasizes programmer happiness and follows the principle of least surprise, meaning the language behaves in a way that minimizes confusion for experienced users. Ruby files contain classes, methods, and expressions that are interpreted at runtime, making development fast and interactive.
More Information
Ruby was created by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan in the mid-1990s, with the first public release in 1995. Matz designed Ruby to be more powerful than Perl and more object-oriented than Python, combining functional programming with imperative programming in an elegant syntax. Ruby gained worldwide popularity, particularly after the release of Ruby on Rails web framework in 2004, which demonstrated Ruby's potential for rapid web application development.
Ruby's design philosophy prioritizes developer productivity and enjoyment over machine efficiency. The language features a pure object-oriented approach where everything is an object, including primitive data types. Ruby's flexible syntax allows for multiple ways to accomplish the same task, giving developers the freedom to write code that feels natural and expressive. The strong community and rich ecosystem of gems (libraries) have contributed to Ruby's continued relevance in modern software development.
Ruby Format
Ruby has an expressive and flexible syntax with minimal punctuation:
Basic Syntax
- No semicolons - Line breaks separate statements
- No braces - Uses
end
keyword to close blocks - Variable naming - snake_case convention
- Method calls - Parentheses are optional
- String interpolation -
#{variable}
within double quotes - Symbols - Immutable identifiers starting with colon
Key Features
- Everything is an object - Even numbers and nil have methods
- Duck typing - If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck...
- Blocks and iterators - Functional programming constructs
- Mixins - Multiple inheritance through modules
- Metaprogramming - Code that writes code
- Dynamic typing - Types determined at runtime
Data Types and Structures
- Numbers - Integer, Float, Rational, Complex
- Strings - Mutable character sequences
- Arrays - Ordered collections of objects
- Hashes - Key-value pair collections
- Symbols - Immutable identifiers
- Regular expressions - Built-in pattern matching
Common Patterns
# Class definition
class Person
attr_accessor :name, :age
def initialize(name, age)
@name = name
@age = age
end
def greet
"Hello, I'm #{@name} and I'm #{@age} years old"
end
def adult?
@age >= 18
end
end
# Creating and using objects
person = Person.new("Alice", 25)
puts person.greet
# Blocks and iterators
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].each do |num|
puts num * 2
end
# Hash example
user = {
name: "Bob",
email: "[email protected]",
age: 30
}
# Method with block
def with_timing
start_time = Time.now
yield
end_time = Time.now
puts "Execution time: #{end_time - start_time} seconds"
end
How to work with Ruby files
Ruby provides excellent tools for development and package management:
Ruby Interpreters
- MRI (Matz's Ruby Interpreter) - Standard Ruby implementation
- JRuby - Ruby on the Java Virtual Machine
- TruffleRuby - High-performance Ruby on GraalVM
- Rubinius - Ruby written in Ruby
Development Tools
- irb - Interactive Ruby shell for experimentation
- pry - Advanced REPL with debugging features
- ruby - Command-line interpreter
- ri - Ruby documentation browser
- rdoc - Documentation generator
IDEs and Editors
- RubyMine - JetBrains' professional Ruby IDE
- Visual Studio Code - Popular editor with Ruby extensions
- Sublime Text - Lightweight editor with Ruby packages
- Vim/Neovim - With Ruby plugins and language servers
- Atom - GitHub's editor with Ruby support
Package Management
- RubyGems - Package manager for Ruby libraries
- Bundler - Dependency management and version control
- Gemfile - Dependency specification file
- gem - Command-line tool for managing gems
Version Management
- rbenv - Simple Ruby version management
- RVM - Ruby Version Manager with gemsets
- chruby - Lightweight Ruby version switcher
- asdf - Multi-language version manager
Testing Frameworks
- RSpec - Behavior-driven development framework
- Minitest - Ruby's built-in testing framework
- Cucumber - Behavior-driven development with Gherkin
- FactoryBot - Test data generation library
Popular Ruby Frameworks and Libraries
Ruby has a rich ecosystem of frameworks and gems:
- Ruby on Rails - Full-stack web application framework
- Sinatra - Lightweight web application framework
- Hanami - Modern web framework for Ruby
- Jekyll - Static site generator
- Grape - REST-like API framework
- Sidekiq - Background job processing
- Devise - Authentication solution
- CarrierWave - File upload library
Web Development with Ruby
Ruby is particularly strong in web development:
- Rails ecosystem - Comprehensive web development platform
- RESTful design - Convention over configuration
- Active Record - Object-relational mapping pattern
- ERB templates - Embedded Ruby for HTML generation
- Asset pipeline - JavaScript and CSS management
- Action Cable - WebSocket integration
Common Use Cases
Ruby is commonly used for:
- Web applications - Dynamic websites and web services
- API development - RESTful and GraphQL APIs
- Automation scripts - System administration and DevOps
- Prototyping - Rapid application development
- Command-line tools - System utilities and scripts
- Testing and QA - Test automation frameworks
- Data processing - ETL and data transformation
- Static site generation - Blogs and documentation sites
- Configuration management - Infrastructure automation tools
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